MINISTRY OF COMMERCE OF THE PEOPLE’S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ISSUES FOUR ANNOUNCEMENTS!
China Tightens Export Controls on Drones, Tunnel Boring Machines, and Dredging Vessels!
中華人民共和國商務部連發四項公告！
中國無人機、盾構機、挖泥船出口管制全面升級！
一、無人機出口管制調整
- 管制範圍： 無人機整機、關鍵零部件、軟件及相關技術均納入管理。
- 出口程序： 部分出口項目可透過登記方式辦理。
- 便利措施： 符合規定的企業可適用相關便利措施。
- 公告來源： 商務部2026年第49號公告。
- 實施日期： 2026年11月18日。
二、盾構機等裝備出口管制
- 向與中國存在爭議的敏感國家和地區出口相關裝備，須事先申請出口許可。
- 向其他國家和地區出口，則實行登記管理。
- 未經許可，不得將相關受管制裝備轉口或轉供至上述敏感目的地。
- 實施日期： 2026年11月18日。
三、挖泥船關鍵零部件出口管制
- 對符合規定技術參數的泥泵及其關鍵零部件實施出口管制。
- 涉及耙頭、絞刀等重要作業部件。
- 相關受管制物項出口前，須依法申請出口許可。
- 實施日期： 2026年11月18日。
四、海關質疑與鑑別新規定
- 海關如有證據認為出口貨物可能涉及受管制物項，可依法提出質疑。
- 出口企業須在收到通知後7個工作天內提交所需證明文件。
- 在質疑及鑑別程序進行期間，相關貨物暫不予放行。
- 施行日期： 2026年10月19日。
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中國大陸《兩用物項出口管制條例》重點內容
一、兩用物項的定義
「兩用物項」是指既可用於民事用途，也可用於軍事用途的貨物、技術及服務。
相關物項可能涉及國家安全、軍事應用、戰略技術及防止大規模殺傷性武器擴散等領域。
二、條例的總體要求
兩用物項的出口及其相關活動，必須遵守中國大陸相關法律法規，不得損害國家安全及國家利益。
三、條例的適用範圍
根據《中華人民共和國出口管制法》，明確兩用物項，以及其他涉及維護中國大陸國家安全和利益、履行防擴散等國際義務的相關物項，均適用出口管制規定。
四、是否影響正常國際貿易？
中國大陸司法部就相關條例及其對正常貿易活動的影響作出說明。
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7個工作天提交證明，15個工作天完成鑑別程序
商務部、海關總署公告2026年第52號
《關於進一步優化兩用物項出口管制質疑和鑑別工作有關事項的公告》
- 發布單位： 商務部安全與管制局
- 公告文號： 商務部、海關總署公告2026年第52號
- 發文日期： 2026年10月19日
一、出口企業須於7個工作天內提交證明材料
出口貨物發貨人應當自收到《兩用物項出口管制海關質疑通知書》之日起，7個工作天內，按照要求提交相關材料。
所有提交文件均須加蓋企業公章。
如相關材料為外文，必須同時提供中文翻譯本。
二、海關須於15個工作天內完成質疑判別或提出鑑別申請
海關自收到出口貨物發貨人提交的全部材料之日起，應在15個工作天內完成質疑判別，或向商務部提出組織鑑別的申請。
三、商務部須於15個工作天內作出鑑別結論
商務部自收到完整的組織鑑別材料之日起，應在15個工作天內作出鑑別結論。
四、出口企業須注意的事項
在海關質疑及鑑別程序尚未完成之前，涉及管制疑慮的相關出口貨物將暫不予放行。
企業應確保出口申報資料準確、完整，並遵守相關出口管制法律及行政規定。
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重要時間及程序摘要
- 2026年10月19日： 海關質疑與鑑別新規定施行。
- 2026年11月18日： 無人機、盾構機及挖泥船相關出口管制措施按公告所列日期實施。
- 7個工作天： 出口企業提交證明材料的期限。
- 15個工作天： 海關完成質疑判別或提出組織鑑別申請的期限。
- 15個工作天： 商務部收到完整鑑別材料後作出鑑別結論的期限。
- Adjustments to Drone Export Controls
- Scope of controls: Complete drones, critical components, software, and related technologies are included in export control management.
- Export procedures: Certain exports may be processed through a registration system.
- Facilitation measures: Companies that meet regulatory requirements may qualify for simplified procedures.
- Source: Ministry of Commerce Announcement No. 49 of 2026.
- Effective date: November 18, 2026.
- Export Controls on Tunnel Boring Machines and Related Equipment
- Exports of tunnel boring machines (TBMs) and related equipment to sensitive countries and regions involved in disputes with China require prior export authorization.
- Exports to other countries and regions are subject to a registration system.
- Without authorization, controlled equipment may not be re-exported or transferred to designated sensitive destinations.
- Effective date: November 18, 2026.
- Export Controls on Critical Components of Dredging Vessels
- Export controls apply to dredging pumps and critical components that meet specified technical parameters.
- Controlled items include essential operating components such as dragheads, cutterheads, and related equipment.
- Exporters must obtain the required licenses before shipping controlled items overseas.
- Effective date: November 18, 2026.
- New Customs Procedures for Export Control Inquiries and Technical Identification
- If Customs authorities have evidence suggesting that exported goods may fall under export control regulations, they may initiate a formal inquiry.
- Exporters must submit the required supporting documents within seven working days of receiving the notification.
- During the inquiry and technical identification process, the goods concerned will not be released for export.
- Effective date: October 19, 2026.
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Key Provisions of Mainland China’s Regulations on the Export Control of Dual-Use Items
- Definition of Dual-Use Items
Dual-use items refer to goods, technologies, and services that can be used for both civilian and military purposes.
These items may involve national security, military applications, strategic technologies, and efforts to prevent the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.
- General Regulatory Requirements
Exports of dual-use items and related activities must comply with applicable Chinese laws and regulations.
Such activities must not undermine China’s national security or national interests.
- Scope of Application
Under the Export Control Law of the People’s Republic of China, the regulations apply to dual-use items and other controlled goods, technologies, and services related to:
- Protecting China’s national security and national interests.
- Fulfilling international non-proliferation obligations.
- Regulating the export of sensitive technologies and strategic equipment.
- Will These Measures Affect Normal International Trade?
Mainland China’s Ministry of Justice has provided explanations concerning the regulations and their potential implications for legitimate international trade activities.
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SEVEN WORKING DAYS TO SUBMIT EVIDENCE — FIFTEEN WORKING DAYS FOR CUSTOMS REVIEW
Ministry of Commerce and General Administration of Customs Announcement No. 52 of 2026
Announcement on Further Optimizing Inquiry and Identification Procedures for Dual-Use Export Controls
- Issuing authority: Bureau of Industrial Security and Import and Export Control, Ministry of Commerce
- Document number: Ministry of Commerce and General Administration of Customs Announcement No. 52 of 2026
- Date of issuance: October 19, 2026
- Exporters Must Submit Supporting Documents Within Seven Working Days
Exporters must provide the required documents within seven working days after receiving a Customs Notice of Inquiry Regarding Dual-Use Export Controls.
All submitted documents must bear the company’s official seal.
If any documents are written in a foreign language, Chinese translations must also be provided.
- Customs Must Complete Its Preliminary Review Within Fifteen Working Days
Within 15 working days of receiving all required documents from the exporter, Customs authorities must either:
- Complete their preliminary assessment and determine whether the goods fall under export control requirements; or
- Submit a request to the Ministry of Commerce for formal technical identification.
- Ministry of Commerce Must Issue Its Determination Within Fifteen Working Days
Upon receiving a complete set of identification materials, the Ministry of Commerce must issue its technical identification conclusion within 15 working days.
- Important Compliance Requirements for Exporters
While Customs inquiries and technical identification procedures remain pending, the goods concerned will not be cleared for export.
Companies must ensure that export declarations and supporting documents are accurate, complete, and compliant with applicable export control laws and administrative requirements.
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KEY DATES AND COMPLIANCE DEADLINES
October 19, 2026
New Customs inquiry and technical identification procedures take effect.
November 18, 2026
The announced export control measures covering drones, tunnel boring machines, and dredging equipment are scheduled to take effect.
7 Working Days
Deadline for exporters to submit supporting documentation following a Customs inquiry notice.
15 Working Days — Customs Review
Time allowed for Customs to complete its preliminary assessment or request formal technical identification.
15 Working Days — Ministry of Commerce Determination
Time allowed for the Ministry of Commerce to issue its identification conclusion after receiving complete documentation.
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INTERNATIONAL TRADE IMPLICATIONS
The announced measures would strengthen China’s regulatory oversight of strategically sensitive technologies and industrial equipment, including unmanned aerial systems, tunnel boring machinery, and specialized dredging components.
For international trading companies, manufacturers, logistics providers, and foreign buyers, the measures could introduce additional licensing requirements, documentation obligations, and compliance reviews.
Businesses engaged in cross-border trade involving these technologies should carefully review the applicable control lists, export destinations, licensing requirements, and end-user restrictions before proceeding with shipments.
