Layout for “special military operations”? Xi Jinping Signs the “Outline of Military Actions for Non-War Military Actions” laying the ground work for Taiwan unification with motherland 為「特殊軍事行動」佈局？ 習近平簽署《軍隊非戰爭軍事行動綱要》為台灣回歸祖國奠定基礎, 洪季謙 綜合報導 2022年6月13日
中共國家主席習近平日前簽署命令，發布《軍隊非戰爭軍事行動綱要（試行）》，引發外界質疑此命令簽署的時間點，內容提及「為部隊遂行非戰爭軍事行動提供法規依據」，預計 6 月 15 日起開始施行，全文尚未公布。
根據《新華社》報導，習近平在近日簽署命令，發佈《軍隊非戰爭軍事行動綱要（試行）》。內容提及：「堅持以習近平新時代中國特色社會主義思想為指導，深入貫徹習近平強軍思想，堅持總體國家安全觀，著眼有效防範化解風險挑戰、應對處置突發事件，保護人民群眾生命財產安全，維護國家主權、安全、發展利益，維護世界和平和地區穩定，創新軍事力量運用方式，規範軍隊非戰爭軍事行動組織實施，對有效履行新時代軍隊使命任務具有重要意義。」
《綱要》共 6 章 59 條，認真總結以往遂行任務實踐經驗，廣泛汲取軍地相關理論成果，主要對基本原則、組織指揮、行動類型、行動保障、政治工作等進行了系統規範，為部隊遂行非戰爭軍事行動提供法規依據。
所謂非戰爭軍事行動，通常包括軍事威懾、國際維和、反恐怖活動、反走私、緝毒、戒嚴、防暴平暴等。
此舉引發外界對習近平政權的疑慮，是否將會對外國進行「特殊軍事行動」以維護國家主權，抑或著會以「國家安全」之名義，打擊國內的其他勢力。此命令簽署剛好正逢年底的中共二十大，引發外界聯想。
中国官媒报导，习近平签署命令发布《军队非战争军事行动纲要（试行）》，学者分析，纲要包山包海以利中共未来“师出有名”。军事专家分析，其中提到“维护国家主权”、“创新军事力量运用方式”，为中共解放军仿效俄罗斯，在台海、南海，发动所谓“特殊军事行动”，预作“法律战”铺垫。
新华社13日报导，中国国家主席、中央军委主席习近平日前签署命令，发布《军队非战争军事行动纲要（试行）》，15日起施行。《纲要》共6章59条，总结实务经验与理论成果，为部队遂行非战争军事行动提供法规依据。
新华社指出，该《纲要》坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，深入贯彻习近平强军思想，坚持总体国家安全观，着眼有效防范化解风险挑战、应对处置突发事件，保护人民群众生命财产安全，维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，维护世界和平和地区稳定，创新军事力量运用方式，规范军队非战争军事行动组织实施，对有效履行新时代军队使命任务具有重要意义。
台湾军事评论员亓乐义接受自由亚洲电台采访分析，中共多年前着手研究“非战争军事行动”，这是第一次公布纲要，应与俄乌战争有直接关联。俄罗斯对乌克兰行动定义是“特殊军事行动”而非入侵，称其目的在反纳粹。中共实施此纲要，以合理化未来对台海、南海采取军事行动的定义，可视为法律战的铺垫。
亓乐义点破：“以后中国武力犯台，他不会说这是一场战争，因为战争是两国之间的事情，他一定也会用这种所谓的『特殊军事行动』，或『非战争军事行动』，为了解决国内的分裂势力问题，他一定是这么去定义这场战争的。”
法律战开打 涵盖“维护国家主权”
亓乐义提到，过去军事界讨论“非战争军事行动”，指人道主义救援等非传统安全领域，如风灾、海啸、地震、急难救助，习近平签署《军队非战争军事行动纲要（试行）》内容远超过这范围，涵盖突发事件、国家主权、安全、发展利益，跟维和部队的行动也不同。
亓乐义说，未来中共的军事行动不会在本土实施，而在境外，他绝不会称是发动战争、破坏地区和平的入侵行动，而是执行维护国家主权、安全，特殊的军事行动。
亓乐义分析，该《纲要》里面提到“创新军事力量运用方式”，他认为这句话很重要。“这有一个伏笔，未来军事运用不一定要非得发动战争不可、传统意义上的『战争』，所以如何去创新？这个他们需要进一步深化，以便未来对台作战、在南海的军事行动，他都会运用，为他今后可能的军事行动作一个定位。纲要出来了，就是对以后这些东西提供一个法律依据。”
亓乐义举例，很多军事行动未必引发战争，但可以解决问题，例如科索沃战争期间，美国轰炸中国驻南联盟大使馆，没有引发中美战争。此外，美国曾经用无人机击杀伊朗军事将领苏莱雷曼尼，也没有引发美伊战争。
近日中国官员称国防部长魏凤和与美国国防部长奥斯汀在美中防长对话提出，“若有人将台湾分裂出来，将不惜一战”，与此纲要的发布时间点很相近。
对此，台湾国家安全研究院中共政军所助理研究员龚祥生接受自由亚洲电台采访，认为是两回事：“魏凤和讲的是不惜为了台湾一战，那个是战争状态。现在这个纲要讲的是非战争状态下的军事行动，所以两个其实是切开，纲要是主旨性的宣示，主要对内维稳，或也有讲到对外，只要是人民财产生命安全这些，他都可以用这个纲要来行动。”
包山包海 以利未来师出有名
此时签署此法，龚祥生也认为是因应国内外有所动荡：“俄乌战争之后，国际局势动荡，介入、反介入、灰色地带冲突等，在战争状态之前，都属和平时期，所以在和平时期的非战争军事行动，就是现在主要军队的行动模式，现在和平时期，运用到军队非战争军事行动，会比用到战争法的机会还高。”
龚祥生指出，目前没有看到6章59条全文，只有概念性，订的范围非常广。“一下说防范风险挑战、针对突发事件，又要保护人民财产跟国家主权，甚至讲到维持世界和平、地区稳定。所以这个范围几乎包山包海，所有能做的内外范围都做得到，可以说把他在意的都写进去了。现在麻烦的是，还没有看到全文，没办法知细部内容，具体要看实际内容才知其行动类型、组织指挥、目的性、针对性是什么？”
龚祥生提到，2010年中共曾想推涉外非战争军事行动法，后来没有推下去，2015年以来逐步法治化，依法行政、依法领军、依法治国，如今出现此纲要。“以后依据此纲要，不管反恐、维护海上通道安全、扩大军事范围、参与维和，都有行动纲领作依法依据，我觉得他是补强制度面，跟未来师出有名的部份。”
Chinese to English via Google Translate
Layout for “special military operations”? Xi Jinping Signs the “Outline of Military Actions for Non-War Military Actions” by Hong Jiqian Comprehensive Report June 13, 2022
Chinese President Xi Jinping recently signed an order to release the “Outline of Military Non-War Military Actions of the Army (Trial)”, which has raised questions about the timing of the signing of the order. It will come into force on the 15th, and the full text has not yet been published.
According to the Xinhua News Agency, Xi Jinping recently signed an order to release the “Outline of Military Actions for Non-War Military Actions (Trial)”. The content mentioned: “Adhere to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implement Xi Jinping’s thought on strengthening the military, adhere to the overall national security concept, focus on effectively preventing and defusing risks and challenges, responding to emergencies, and protecting the safety of people’s lives and property. , safeguarding national sovereignty, security, and development interests, safeguarding world peace and regional stability, innovating the way military forces are used, and regulating the organization and implementation of military non-war military operations, which are of great significance to effectively fulfilling the military’s missions and tasks in the new era.”
The “Outline” has 6 chapters and 59 articles. It conscientiously summarizes the practical experience of carrying out tasks in the past, and extensively draws on the relevant theoretical achievements of the military and civilians. Non-war military operations provide a legal basis.
The so-called non-war military operations usually include military deterrence, international peacekeeping, anti-terrorist activities, anti-smuggling, anti-drug, martial law, riot control and pacification.
This move has raised doubts about the Xi Jinping regime, whether it will conduct “special military operations” against foreign countries to safeguard national sovereignty, or whether it will attack other domestic forces in the name of “national security”. The signing of this order coincided with the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China at the end of the year, which caused external associations.
According to Chinese state media, Xi Jinping signed an order to release the “Outline of Military Actions for Non-War Military Actions (Trial)”. Scholars have analyzed that the outline includes mountains and seas in order to benefit the CCP’s future “familiar teachers.” According to the analysis of military experts, it mentions “maintaining national sovereignty” and “innovating the use of military power”, which will pave the way for the CCP’s Liberation Army to follow the example of Russia and launch so-called “special military operations” in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea to prepare for “legal warfare”.
Xinhua News Agency reported on the 13th that Xi Jinping, Chinese President and Chairman of the Central Military Commission, signed an order a few days ago to issue the “Outline of Military Non-War Military Actions (Trial)”, which will be implemented on the 15th. The “Outline” has 6 chapters and 59 articles, summarizing practical experience and theoretical achievements, and providing legal basis for the troops to carry out non-war military operations.
Xinhua pointed out that the “Outline” adheres to the guidance of Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era, thoroughly implements Xi Jinping’s thought on strengthening the military, adheres to the overall national security concept, focuses on effectively preventing and defusing risks and challenges, responding to emergencies, and protecting the people. Safety of life and property, safeguarding national sovereignty, security, and development interests, safeguarding world peace and regional stability, innovating the use of military forces, and regulating the organization and implementation of military non-war military operations are of great significance to effectively fulfilling military missions and tasks in the new era.
Taiwan military commentator Qi Leyi was interviewed by Radio Free Asia and analyzed that the CCP started to study “non-war military operations” many years ago. Russia defines the Ukraine operation as a “special military operation” rather than an invasion, saying it was aimed at fighting the Nazis. The CCP’s implementation of this outline to rationalize the definition of future military operations in the Taiwan Strait and the South China Sea can be regarded as a foreshadowing of legal battles.
Qi Leyi pointed out: “In the future, when China invades Taiwan by force, he will not say it is a war, because war is a matter between the two countries, and he will definitely use this so-called “special military operation” or “non-war military operation”. ’, in order to solve the problem of domestic separatist forces, he must have defined the war in this way.”
Legal battle begins covering “protection of national sovereignty”
Qi Leyi mentioned that in the past, the military community discussed “non-war military operations”, referring to non-traditional security fields such as humanitarian relief, such as wind disasters, tsunamis, earthquakes, and emergency rescue. Xi Jinping signed the “Outline of Military Non-War Military Operations (Trial)” Beyond this range, it covers emergencies, national sovereignty, security, and development interests, which are also different from peacekeeping operations.
Qi Leyi said that in the future, the CCP’s military operations will not be carried out locally, and overseas, he will never call it an invasion operation to start a war and disrupt regional peace, but to carry out special military operations to safeguard national sovereignty and security.
Qi Leyi analyzed that the “Outline” mentioned “innovative ways of using military power”, and he thought this sentence was very important. “This has a foreshadowing. In the future, military use does not necessarily have to start a war, in the traditional sense of the “war”, so how to innovate? They need to further deepen this, so that in the future, they will fight against Taiwan and military operations in the South China Sea. Use it to set a position for his possible military operations in the future. The outline is out to provide a legal basis for these things in the future.”
Qi Leyi gave an example. Many military operations may not cause a war, but they can solve the problem. For example, during the Kosovo War, the US bombed the Chinese embassy in the Yugoslavia, which did not trigger a Sino-US war. In addition, the U.S. used a drone to kill Iranian military general Qasem Soleimani, which did not trigger a U.S.-Iran war.
Recently, Chinese officials said that Defense Minister Wei Fenghe and U.S. Defense Secretary Austin proposed in the dialogue between the U.S. and Chinese Defense Ministers that “if someone splits Taiwan, they will fight at all costs”, which is very close to the release time of this outline.
In this regard, Gong Xiangsheng, an assistant researcher at the Institute of Political Affairs and Military Affairs of the National Security Research Institute of Taiwan, accepted an interview with Radio Free Asia and thought it was two different things: “Wei Fenghe is talking about fighting for Taiwan at all costs. That is a state of war. Now this outline talks about a state of non-war. Therefore, the two are actually separate, the outline is a statement of the main purpose, mainly for internal stability maintenance, or it also talks about external, as long as it is the safety of people’s property and life, he can use this outline to act.”
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Signing this law at this time, Gong Xiangsheng also believed that it was in response to the turmoil at home and abroad: “After the Russian-Ukrainian war, the international situation was turbulent, intervention, anti-intervention, gray area conflicts, etc., before the state of war, it was in peacetime, so in Non-war military operations in peacetime are the mode of action of the main armies now, and in peacetime now, the chances of applying the military to non-war military operations are higher than using the law of war.”
Gong Xiangsheng pointed out that the full text of 6 chapters and 59 articles has not been seen so far. It is only conceptual, and the scope of the order is very wide. “Let’s talk about preventing risks and challenges, responding to emergencies, protecting people’s property and national sovereignty, and even maintaining world peace and regional stability. So this scope is almost all-inclusive, and all the internal and external areas that can be done can be done. He said that everything he cares about is written in. The trouble now is that I haven’t read the full text, so I can’t know the details. Only by looking at the actual content can I know the type of action, organization and command, purpose, and pertinence?”
Gong Xiangsheng mentioned that in 2010, the CCP wanted to introduce the Law on Foreign-related Non-War Military Operations, but it has not been pushed forward. Since 2015, it has gradually become the rule of law, administering according to the law, leading the army according to the law, and governing the country according to the law. Now this outline has emerged. “In the future, according to this outline, whether it is anti-terrorism, maintaining the safety of sea lanes, expanding the military scope, and participating in peacekeeping, there will be an action plan as a legal basis. I think it is a part of strengthening the system and becoming a famous part of the future division.”
Johnson Choi Biz 